Avignon  -  The Papal Palace

(built in the 14th century)  

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Avignon became the home of the popes in 1309, who were fleeing the violent chaos of Rome; the Palace was built between 1335 and 1364.  The popes departed Avignon in 1377, returning to Rome, but this prompted the Papal Schism, during which time the antipopes Clement VII and Benedict XIII made Avignon their home until 1408.